Development and investigation of electrolytes for alkaline metal batteries

As part of the POLiS Cluster of Excellence, new, liquid-based electrolyte systems for sodium and potassium ion batteries are being produced and investigated in detail in the working group. In addition to improving battery safety, the aim is to use fluorine-reduced compounds (e.g. conductive salts) and the effect of additives in the cell (e.g. FEC, NaDFOB). In addition, the working group is involved in cross-POLiS ring trials and provides electrolyte solutions for other groups.

One focus of the work is the investigation of electrolytes with regard to degradation and decomposition products using chromatographic methods (gas chromatography, HPLC), especially in interaction with reactive Na and K interfaces. Complex processes take place at the interface, which also generate soluble decomposition products. These then diffuse into the electrolyte, change the electrolyte characteristics and in turn lead to further reactions. For this reason, reaction mechanisms are elucidated in close cooperation with surface methods (XPS) and theoretical modeling so that the corresponding compounds can be better detected and understood.

Furthermore, 3D printing materials for solid-state batteries based on the transport of Na2+ ions are being developed. The aims are to increase safety through flame-retardant electrolytes and new possibilities for battery construction and optimization of volume through the design freedom of 3D printing.

Publication List


2025
Decomposition of Binary Mixtures of DMC/EC, EMC/EC, and DEC/EC on Potassium Surfaces; GC, XPS, and Calculation
Wildersinn, L.; Stottmeister, D.; Jeschull, F.; Groß, A.; Hofmann, A.
2025. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 17 (6), 10055–10072. doi:10.1021/acsami.4c17461
Exploring the possibility of aluminum plating/stripping from a non‐corrosive Al(OTf)3‐based electrolyte
Talari, M.; Sarapulova, A.; Zemlyanushin, E.; Sabi, N.; Hofmann, A.; Trouillet, V.; Dsoke, S.
2025. Batteries & Supercaps, 8 (1), Art.-Nr.: 202400317. doi:10.1002/batt.202400317
2024
Studies on 3D printing of Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ceramic solid electrolyte through Fused Filament Fabrication
Kutlu, A. C.; Nötzel, D.; Hofmann, A.; Ziebert, C.; Seifert, H. J.; Mohsin, I. U.
2024. Electrochimica Acta, 503, Art.-Nr.: 144881. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2024.144881
Ca pre-intercalated bilayered vanadium oxide for high-performance aqueous Mg-ion batteries
Fu, Q.; Wu, X.; Luo, X.; Ding, Z.; Indris, S.; Sarapulova, A.; Meng, Z.; Desmau, M.; Wang, Z.; Hua, W.; Kübel, C.; Schwarz, B.; Knapp, M.; Ehrenberg, H.; Wei, Y.; Dsoke, S.
2024. Energy Storage Materials, 66, Art.-Nr.: 103212. doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103212
Ca2+ Pre-Intercalated Bilayered Vanadium Oxide for High-Performance Aqueous Mg-Ion Batteries
Fu, Q.; Wu, X.; Luo, X.; Ding, Z.; Indris, S.; Sarapulova, A.; Meng, Z.; Desmau, M.; Wang, Z.; Hua, W.; Kübel, C. K. U.; Schwarz, B.; Knapp, M.; Ehrenberg, H.; Wei, Y.; Dsoke, S.
2024, January 4. doi:10.35097/1858
Investigating the Reduction of Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate in Lithium‐Ion Cells with Silicon‐Graphite Anodes
Stockhausen, R.; Gehrlein, L.; Bergfeldt, T.; Hofmann, A.; Müller, F. J.; Maibach, J.; Hofmann, K.; Gordon, R.; Smith, A.
2024. Batteries & Supercaps. doi:10.1002/batt.202400499
Enabling Long‐term Cycling Stability of Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃ /C vs . Hard Carbon Full‐cells
Stüble, P.; Müller, C.; Klemens, J.; Scharfer, P.; Schabel, W.; Häringer, M.; Binder, J. R.; Hofmann, A.; Smith, A.
2024. Batteries and Supercaps, 7 (2), Art.-Nr. e202300375. doi:10.1002/batt.202300375
2023
Fundamental Understanding and Quantification of Capacity Losses Involving the Negative Electrode in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Ma, L. A.; Buckel, A.; Hofmann, A.; Nyholm, L.; Younesi, R.
2023. Advanced Science, Art.-Nr.2306771. doi:10.1002/advs.202306771
Influences on Reliable Capacity Measurements of Hard Carbon in Highly Loaded Electrodes
Müller, C.; Wang, Z.; Hofmann, A.; Stueble, P.; Liu-Théato, X.; Klemens, J.; Smith, A.
2023. Batteries & Supercaps, 6 (11), Art.Nr.: e202300322. doi:10.1002/batt.202300322
Unraveling Propylene Oxide Formation in Alkali Metal Batteries
Stottmeister, D.; Wildersinn, L.; Maibach, J.; Hofmann, A.; Jeschull, F.; Groß, A.
2023. ChemSusChem, 17 (3), Art.Nr.: e202300995. doi:10.1002/cssc.202300995
Revealing the Formation of Dialkyl Dioxahexane Dioate Products from Ethylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes on Lithium and Potassium Surfaces
Hofmann, A.; Müller, F.; Schöner, S.; Jeschull, F.
2023. Batteries & Supercaps, 6 (12), Art.Nr.: e202300325. doi:10.1002/batt.202300325
2022
Dataset of propylene carbonate based liquid electrolyte mixtures for sodium-ion cells
Hofmann, A.; Wang, Z.; Bautista, S. P.; Weil, M.; Müller, F.; Löwe, R.; Schneider, L.; Mohsin, I. U.; Hanemann, T.
2022. Data in Brief, 40, Article no: 107775. doi:10.1016/j.dib.2021.107775
Novel Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Battery Applications
Hofmann, A.; Rauber, D.; Wang, T.-M.; Hempelmann, R.; Kay, C. W. M.; Hanemann, T.
2022. Molecules, 27 (15), Art.Nr.: 4729. doi:10.3390/molecules27154729
High‐Voltage Aqueous Mg‐Ion Batteries Enabled by Solvation Structure Reorganization
Fu, Q.; Wu, X.; Luo, X.; Indris, S.; Sarapulova, A.; Bauer, M.; Wang, Z.; Knapp, M.; Ehrenberg, H.; Wei, Y.; Dsoke, S.
2022. Advanced functional materials, 32 (16), Art.Nr.: 2110674. doi:10.1002/adfm.202110674
2021
Poly(ionic liquid) Based Composite Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries
Löwe, R.; Hanemann, T.; Zinkevich, T.; Hofmann, A.
2021. Polymers, 13 (24), Article no: 4469. doi:10.3390/polym13244469
Comprehensive characterization of propylene carbonate based liquid electrolyte mixtures for sodium-ion cells
Hofmann, A.; Wang, Z.; Bautista, S. P.; Weil, M.; Müller, F.; Löwe, R.; Schneider, L.; Mohsin, I. U.; Hanemann, T.
2021. Electrochimica acta, 403, Art.Nr.: 139670. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139670
Structure-Property Relation of Trimethyl Ammonium Ionic Liquids for Battery Applications
Rauber, D.; Hofmann, A.; Philippi, F.; Kay, C. W. M.; Zinkevich, T.; Hanemann, T.; Hempelmann, R.
2021. Applied Sciences, 11 (12), 5679. doi:10.3390/app11125679

Patents

A. Hofmann, F. Müller, A. Smith, I. Reuter; Pressure-controlled gas delivery technology; Registration 22188274.9; 02.08.2022

A. Hofmann, I. Reuter; Assembly and method for supplying a gas stream; Application PCT/EP2023/071274; 01.08.2023

 

Employees

Former

Prof. Dr. Thomas Hanemann

Dr. Robert Löwe

Dr. Zhengqi Wang

Paul Folch Milan

We would like to thank the DFG for making this work possible within the framework of POLiS funding (POLiS Cluster of Excellence, EXC 2154)!

https://www.postlithiumstorage.org/de/